Yes. To disable a context menu, you have to empty it. Open Edit > Configuration > Menus and paste the following:
DocumentPopup{
}
DocumentImagePopup{
}
FrameDocumentPopup{
}
FrameDocumentImagePopup{
}
LinkPopup{
}
ImageLinkPopup{
}
FrameLinkPopup{
}
FrameImageLinkPopup{
}
ImagePopup{
}
FrameImagePopup{
}
TextPopup{
}
FrameTextPopup{
}
SelectedText{
}
This will redefine all context menus as empty. You have to restart km to make this take effect. The menu bar can be disabled in the Toolbars section of Advanced Preferences (the latter can be opened by pressing F2). All other toolbars can be disabled through the View menu.